In Cathedrals of Science, Patrick Coffey describes how chemistry got its modern footing-how thirteen brilliant men and one woman struggled with the laws of the universe and with each other. They wanted to discover how the world worked, but they also wanted credit for making those discoveries, and their personalities often affected how that credit was assigned. Gilbert Lewis, for example, could be reclusive and resentful, and his enmity with Walther Nernst
may have cost him the Nobel Prize; Irving Langmuir, gregarious and charming, "rediscovered" Lewis's theory of the chemical bond and received much of the credit for it. Langmuir's personality smoothed his path
to the Nobel Prize over Lewis. Coffey deals with moral and societal issues as well. These same scientists were the first to be seen by their countries as military assets. Fritz Haber, dubbed the "father of chemical warfare," pioneered the use of poison gas in World War I-vividly described-and Glenn Seaborg and Harold Urey were leaders in World War II's Manhattan Project; Urey and Linus Pauling worked for nuclear disarmament after the war. Science was not always fair,
and many were excluded. The Nazis pushed Jewish scientists like Haber from their posts in the 1930s. Anti-Semitism was also a force in American chemistry, and few women were allowed in; Pauling, for
example, used his influence to cut off the funding and block the publications of his rival, Dorothy Wrinch. Cathedrals of Science paints a colorful portrait of the building of modern chemistry from the late 19th to the mid-20th century.
In Cathedrals of Science, Patrick Coffey describes how chemistry got its modern footing-how thirteen brilliant men and one woman struggled with the laws of the universe and with each other. They wanted to discover how the world worked, but they also wanted credit for making those discoveries, and their personalities often affected how that credit was assigned. Gilbert Lewis, for example, could be reclusive and resentful, and his enmity with Walther Nernst
may have cost him the Nobel Prize; Irving Langmuir, gregarious and charming, "rediscovered" Lewis's theory of the chemical bond and received much of the credit for it. Langmuir's personality smoothed his path
to the Nobel Prize over Lewis. Coffey deals with moral and societal issues as well. These same scientists were the first to be seen by their countries as military assets. Fritz Haber, dubbed the "father of chemical warfare," pioneered the use of poison gas in World War I-vividly described-and Glenn Seaborg and Harold Urey were leaders in World War II's Manhattan Project; Urey and Linus Pauling worked for nuclear disarmament after the war. Science was not always fair,
and many were excluded. The Nazis pushed Jewish scientists like Haber from their posts in the 1930s. Anti-Semitism was also a force in American chemistry, and few women were allowed in; Pauling, for
example, used his influence to cut off the funding and block the publications of his rival, Dorothy Wrinch. Cathedrals of Science paints a colorful portrait of the building of modern chemistry from the late 19th to the mid-20th century.
Prologue
1: The Ionists- Arrhenius and Nernst
2: Physical Chemistry in America- Lewis and Langmuir
3: The Third Law and Nitrogen-Haber and Nernst
4: Chemists at War-Haber, Nernst, Langmuir, and Lewis
5: The Lewis-Langmuir Theoru-Lewis, Langmuir, and Harkins
6: Science and the Nazis-Nernst and Haber
7: Nobel prizes-Lweis and Langmuir
8: Heavy Water, Acids and Bases, Plutonium-Lewis, Urey, and
Seaborg
9: The Secret of Life-Pauling, Wrinch, and Langmuir
10: Pathological Science-Langmuir
11: Lewis's Last Days
Epilogue
Endnotes
Sources, Acknowledgements, and Selected Bibliography
Coffey spent most of his career in the design of instruments for chemical research and was a co-founder of a number of scientific instrument companies. In 2003, he began research into the history of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley.
"Focusing on [Gilbert Lewis, Irving Langmuir, Walther Nernst, Fritz
Haber] and other dramatis personae, their convoluted motivations
and fierce dedication, Coffey narrates the story of not just how
physical chemistry became a modern sciene, but also how it helped
changes the world - economically, socially, militarily, and
politically. Ulitmately the book's greatest strength grows out of
what the author intended: a graphic depiction of the
"personalities and rivalries that made modern chemistry."--ISIS
"Weaving together the lives of the leaders of modern chemistry,
Coffey shows how fights over priority, backstabbing, cronyism, and
grudges shaped the history of chemistry just as much as the actual
discoveries. It is an effective antidote to the bromide that
science is the work of selfless, Spock-like automatons."--Books and
Culture
"Coffey aims at unveiling how different personal characteristics
led to differences in scientific styles. How friendships,
camaraderie, enmities and rivalries played a role in shaping
developments in science, in strengthening scientific and social
networks, in articulation of research groups, in the establishment
of codes of conduct between senior researchers and young students,
and in responding to various political context, often extreme as in
the case of the
two world wars. Definitely, it is when discussing how conflicts of
personalitites and controversies over scientific matters shape the
real world of physical chemistry, that the author
excels."--Metascience
"In Cathedrals of Science, Patrick Coffey returns to headier days
for the field, when the work and relationship between a dozen-odd
chemists - their brilliant collaborations, bitter one-upmanship,
shifting loyalties and long-standing grudges - came to define
modern chemistry and show how exactly scientific theories come to
be attributed and accepted."--Zocalo Public Reviews
"An excellent overview of the developments of physical
chemistry."--Chemical Education Today
"A gripping page-turning narrative that elegantly combines popular
science with a serious history of science."--Chemistry World
"Cathedrals of Science sets a professional standard for the furthur
historical analysis of the evolution of physical and theoretical
chemistry."--Bulletin for the History of Chemistry
"Coffey has the proverbial good eye for anecdotes, which enlivens
what could have been a dreary list of scholarly
accusations."--Chemical and Engineering News
"The center of Patrick Coffey's remarkable story is the ultimate
difficult genius, an American original, G. N. Lewis. Around him, in
peace and war, move the men and women who have shaped our
understanding of molecules and how they react. And they are hardly
at peace with each other."--Roald Hoffman, chemist, writer, and
winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
"This superbly crafted book traces the intertwined careers of
scientific Titans whose work, despite human failings, created major
parts of the conceptual edifice of modern physical science. It is a
grand saga, as illuminating for our era as the Canterbury Tales are
for the age that erected great masonry cathedrals."--Dudley
Herschbach, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Patrick Coffey's wide-ranging account colorfully demonstrates, the
pioneers of modern chemistry nurtured not just intellectual
innovations but a collection of squabbles and grudges that
influenced American science for a generation or more. Coffey excels
at showing how chemistry developed both despite and because of
personal rivalries in this complex and engaging tale."-- David
Lindley, author of Uncertainty: Einstein, Heisenberg, Bohr, and the
Struggle for
the Soul of Science
"Coffey has the experienced chemist's command of the science, the
story-teller's gift for narrative, and the detective's tenacity in
chasing down new evidence. Newcomers and experts alike will
discover here a marvelous account of the main axes along which
chemistry developed in the twentieth-century and find many new
insights into both the science and the personalities of those who
made it. This book is a joy to read."--John Servos, Anson D. Morse
Professor
of History, Amherst College and author of Physical Chemistry in
America
"Patrick Coffey has combined science with biography to create a
sweeping history of the transformative chemical discoveries of the
first half of the 20th century. It is a history alive with
brilliance and infused with human frailties. A compelling account
of scientific revolution, tragedies, rivalries, and inspiration."
--Nancy Greenspan, author of The End of the Certain World: The Life
and Science of Max Born
"in this engrossing, often somber history, Coffey reminds us not
just that science trumped by ideology is a damning proposition, but
that even the most complex science starts with the efforts of mere
humans." --Publishers Weekly
"A fascinating insight into the character of many of chemistry's
most important personalities."--Nature Chemistry
"Cathedrals of Science is an engaging, well-written, balanced
account of 13 chemists who built modern chemistry...High
recommended."--Choice Magazine
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