Bioactive compounds play a central role in high-value product development in the chemical industry. Bioactive compounds have been identified from diverse sources and their therapeutic benefits, nutritional value and protective effects in human and animal healthcare have underpinned their application as pharmaceuticals and functional food ingredients. The orderly study of biologically active products and the exploration of potential biological activities of these secondary metabolites, including their clinical applications, standardization, quality control, mode of action and potential biomolecular interactions, has emerged as one of the most exciting developments in modern natural medicine. Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds describes the current stage of knowledge on the production of bioactive compounds from microbial, algal and vegetable sources. In addition, the molecular approach for screening bioactive compounds is also discussed, as well as examples of applications of these compounds on human health. The first half of the book comprises information on diverse sources of bioactive compounds, ranging from microorganisms and algae to plants and dietary foods. The second half of the book reviews synthetic approaches, as well as selected bioactivities and biotechnological and biomedical potential. The bioactive compounds profiled include compounds such as C-phycocyanins, glycosides, phytosterols and natural steroids. An overview of the usage of bioactive compounds as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, anti-allergic compounds and in stem cell research is also presented, along with an overview of the medicinal applications of plant-derived compounds. Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds will be an informative text for undergraduate and graduate students of bio-medicinal chemistry who are keen to explore the potential of bioactive natural products. It also provides useful information for scientists working in various research fields where natural products have a primary role.

Dr Vijai Kumar Gupta is Lead Researcher (EI-ReNew), Molecular Glyco-biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, NUI Galway, Ireland and TCBB, NUI Galway, Ireland. Dr Maria G. Tuohy is the Head of the Molecular Glycobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, NUI Galway, Ireland. Dr Anthonia O'Donovan is a postdoctoral research scientist with the Molecular Glycobiotechnology Group at NUI Galway, Ireland. Dr Mohtashim Lohani is Associate Professor at Integral University in Lucknow, India.

List of contributors ix Foreword xvii Preface xix Section I: Bioactive compounds from diverse plant microbial and marine sources 1 Bioactive compounds from vegetable and fruit by-products 3 B. De Ancos C. Colina-Coca D. González-Pena and C. Sánchez-Moreno 2 Bioactive compounds in fresh-cut fruits: Occurrence and impact of processing and cold storage 37 María Elida Pirovani Andrea Marcela Piagentini and Franco Van de Velde 3 Pressurized hot water extraction of polyphenols from plant material 63 José Rodrigo Vergara-Salinas José Cuevas-Valenzuela and José R. Pérez-Correa 4 Bioactive compounds in cereals: Technological and nutritional properties 103 Bart³omiej Makowski Justyna Rosicka-Kaczmarek and Ewa Nebesny 5 Antimicrobials from medicinal plants: Research initiatives challenges and the future prospects 123 Anita Pandey and Vasudha Agnihotri 6 Coccoloba uvifera as a source of components with antioxidant activity 151 Maira Segura Campos Jorge Ruiz Ruiz Luis Chel Guerrero and David Betancur Ancona 7 Bioactive compounds and medical significance of some endangered medicinal plants from the Western Ghats region of India 163 Manoharan Melvin Joe Abitha Benson Muniappan Ayyanar and Tongmin Sa 8 Fungal bioactive compounds: An overview 195 Gerardo Díaz-Godínez 9 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Association and production of bioactive compounds in plants 225 Marcela C. Pagano and Partha P. Dhar 10 Extremophiles as source of novel bioactive compounds with industrial potential 245 Mohamed Neifar Sameh Maktouf Raoudha Ellouze Ghorbel Atef Jaouani and Ameur Cherif 11 New trends in microbial production of natural complex bioactive isoprenoids 269 Rama Raju Baadhe Ravichandra Potumarthi Naveen Kumar Mekala and Vijai K. Gupta 12 Production of c-phycocyanin and its potential applications 283 Mohammed Kuddus Poonam Singh George Thomas and Athar Ali Section II: Chemistry biotechnology and industrial relevance 13 Glycosides: From biosynthesis to biological activity toward therapeutic application 303 Maria Henriques L. Ribeiro 14 Trehalose mimics as bioactive compounds 345 Davide Bini Antonella Sgambato Luca Gabrielli Laura Russo and Laura Cipolla 15 Virtual screening and prediction of the molecular mechanism of bioactive compounds in silico 371 Bashir A. Akhoon Krishna P. Singh Madhumita Karmakar Suchi Smita Rakesh Pandey and Shailendra K. Gupta 16 Steroids in natural matrices: Chemical features and bioactive properties 395 Joao C.M. Barreira and Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira 17 Bioactive compounds obtained through biotechnology 433 Gustavo Molina Franciele M. Pelissari Marina G. Pessoa and Gláucia M. Pastore 18 Metabolic engineering of bioactive compounds in berries 463 Ivayla Dincheva Ilian Badjakov and Violeta Kondakova 19 Food-derived multifunctional bioactive proteins and peptides: Sources and production 483 Dominic Agyei Ravichandra Potumarthi and Michael K. Danquah 20 Food-derived multifunctional bioactive proteins and peptides: Applications and recent advances 507 Dominic Agyei Ravichandra Potumarthi and Michael K. Danquah Section III: Biochemistry and nutraceutical or health-related applications 21 An overview of the molecular and cellular interactions of some bioactive compounds 527 Amro Abd Al Fattah Amara 22 Bioactive compounds as growth factors and 3D matrix materials in stem cell research 555 Naveen Kumar Mekala Rama Raju Baadhe and Ravichandra Potumarthi 23 Phytosterols: Biological effects and mechanisms of hypocholesterolemic action 565 Rafaela da Silva Marineli Cibele Priscila Busch Furlan Anne y Castro Marques Juliano Bicas Gláucia Maria Pastore and Mário Roberto Maróstica Jr. 24 Overview of the role of food bioactive compounds as complementary therapy for celiac disease 583 Antonio Cilla Laia Alemany Juan Antonio Giménez and José Moisés Laparra 25 Bioactive lipid components from ruminant milk and meat: The new face of human health 599 Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel Mohamed El-Sherbiny Adam Cieslak Joanna Szczechowiak and Hanna Winiarska 26 The milk fat globule membrane: A potential source of health-promoting glycans 631 Sarah A. Ross Jonathan A. Lane Michelle Kilcoyne Lokesh Joshi and Rita M. Hickey 27 Seaweed and milk derived bioactive peptides and small molecules in functional foods and cosmeceuticals 669 Maria Hayes Melani García-García Ciarán Fitzgerald and Tomas Lafarga Index 693